What’s the problem?
Sustainable development and related issues has come to the political
agenda since 1987 with the Brundtland Commision report (WCED - World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). Different sustainability aims and targets are expressed in numerous international documents (Agenda 21 [1992], Johannesburg Implementation Plan [2002]) and regional as well as national
sustainable development strategies (EU sustainable development strategy [2001, 2006], and other documents. Attention to sustainable and even development of the regions is given at all policy levels and is one of the main aims of sustainable development, however, a national strategy for
sustainable development does not exist in Georgia for the present.
Together with policy development, the need to assess the current situation and the achieved progress in sustainability has arisen. However, the development of Georgian regions has been evaluated only on descriptive separate indicators basis or rather short period of time. And very often only economic issues are stressed then comparing the regions,
especially on the political level.
However, at present, there is
no evidence that the problem of sustainable development explored enough. Their
complexity and diversity at the regional and global levels require further
study to develop economic and social mechanisms for optimal balancing economic,
environmental and social components. The first thing to do in this respect
science to create an effective instrumental and methodological apparatus of
systems analysis and modeling of sustainable development and decision-making
that will ensure in practice its real functioning. To achieve the desired environmental and economic balance, the
public should actively carry out the regulation of production and the
environment.
The
main methods of this regulation are legal rules, economic mechanisms and
technical or technological support. Relationship and interdependence these
methods are obvious, but to achieve practical effect require them timely and
optimal implementation. Theoretical foundations and algorithms for efficient
interaction of nature with industrial and economic processes are a modern
science and state-of-the-practice. In this structure the methodological and
methodical approaches of the regulation includes global, regional and local levels.
At the global level, the main task is to
develop a theoretical framework for environmental protection and the
functioning of human society. Regional level provides adaptation tasks to
specific regions and economies. At
the local level the regulations are designed for macro and micro levels of activity.
Because a national
strategy for sustainable development does not exist in Georgia, it is very important to know the factors that impede the stable political and economic development of Georgia, notably: the
ethnic-territorial conflicts on its territory, as well as their possible roots, the poverty
and related migration, the shadow economy and associated corruption, an incorrect process of environmental planning at the
national and regional level, as well as the other sectors related to
environmental protection and the use of natural resources.The elimination of
these factors is the prerequisite for the sustainable development of the
country. Thus, the role of science in the resolution of
problems of sustainable development is extremely high, but a special place
among the scientific methodology here is cognitive, genetic and neural
integrated models for the sustainable development of the Georgian regions and experimentation and modeling by the Networks of
Artificial Neurons of various
interactions.
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